Hydrostatical pressure and air-pressure

Der Hydrostatical Pressure is the pressure that arises within a static fluid under the influence of gravity. The hydrostatical pressure increases with depth of immersion.

Der Air-pressure is the hydrostatical pressure of the air. It arises because of the weight of the air column that can be found above a body or above the surface of the earth.

The hydrostatical pressure can be determined with:

p = ρ ⋅ g ⋅ h


p - Hydrostatical pressure
ρ - Density of the fluid or the gas
g - gravitational constant (about 9,81 m/s²)
h - height of the fluid column above the point of measurement

Density of water: 1 kg/dm³ bzw. 1 kg/Liter
Density of air: 1,2 g/dm³ bzw. 1,2 g/Liter

The pressure affects all sides, the forces therefore appear upwards, downwards and of course to the sides.