Vertical Throw:

Both dropping a body and throwing it upwards is called vertical throw.Throwing a body up in the air or letting a body drop is described in physics like this: A body receives a starting velocity through a force that interacts with the body vertically (upwards or downwards). A vertical throw is a constant acceleration. This constant acceleration is the result of the gravitational force of the Earth. This force is opposite to the movement if the throw is upwards. Due to this, the velocity of the body, which is thrown upwards, decreases more and more until it has reached zero. In this moment the body has reached its maximum hight. This point is called reversal point. Afterwards the body drops downwards because gravity constantly pulls and so the body is accelerated towards Earth. Now, gravity works in the same way as the direction of the movement. The result is a positive acceleration because of which the body falls faster and faster until it reaches the ground.

At the beginning of a vertical throw upwards we transfer an original velocity onto the body. Because of this it has kinetic engery. The higher the body gets up in the air, the less velocity it has and so its kinetic energy decreases, as well. At the same time its potential energy increases for the same amount because the body's hight increases. At the reversal point the kinetic energy of the body is zero and its potential energy is at its maximum. During the fall the energy transformation works exactly the other way round. Now, potential energy is transformed back into kinetic energy because the body's hight decreases while its velocity increases. Just before the body hits the ground, its kinetic energy is at its maximum and its potential energy zero (in relation to the ground). The sum of the body's kinetic energy and potential energy is always the same throughout the whole movement. The body's energy can only be transformed into another form - the law of energy conservation is fulfilled. Only when the body hits the ground it no longer has kinetic energy nor potential energy because its energy is devalued, the collision with the ground is inelastic. Then energy is transformed into warmth. One can even see this with the help of an IR camera.



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